新疆阜康盐生植物园植物简介

Brief Introduction to the Halophytes in Fukang Halophytes Botanic Garden,Xinjiang

为了保护盐生植物种质资源,建立长期研究盐生植物耐盐机理的基地和未来的开发利用,中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所在阜康荒漠生态系统国家野外科学实验研究站内,历经6年,初步建成了以强耐盐盐生植物为主的植物园,占地约7 hm2。现已栽种102种盐生植物,隶属于20科59属,以当地藜科、柽柳科、豆科、禾本科为主。介绍了新疆阜康盐生植物园的植物种类、生活型、生境、耐盐型、功用等。新疆阜康盐生植物园位于扇缘地下水溢出带,是天然盐生植物集中分布区,该处的生态与环境自然选育了丰富的盐生植物种类,在此建园基本不会改变盐生植物的生物学和生态型特征。新疆是盐土的"博物馆",决定了盐生植物种类多样化,持续完善、维护该盐生植物园对盐生植物宝贵抗逆基因的研究和利用具有深远意义。

In order to conserve the halophyte resources and found a long-term base for researching salt-tolerant mechanism of halophytes and developing their values, a 7-hectare botanic garden with strong salt-tolerant halo-phytes has been set up in Fukang Desert Ecosystem Observation and Experiment Station, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences. In 6 years, 102 valuable halophyte species in 59 genera and 20 families have been planted, which are mainly the endemic species in Chenopodiaceae, Tamaricaceae, Leguminosae and Gramineae. This paper introduces the halophyte species and their life forms, habitats, salt-resistant types, functions, etc. This garden, facing a snow mountain and backing on a desert, is located in a groundwater overflow zone of an alluvial fan, where halophytes grow widely. The geographical, ecological and environmental conditions are adaptable for the growth of abundant halophytes, so transplanting unlikely alters the biologic and ecotype characteristics of halophytes. Xinjiang is known as the ＂museum of saline soils＂ and adaptable to the diversity of halophytes, so it is of great significance to continually maintain and construct the＇halophytes botanic garden for studying and utilizing the stress-resistant genes.