双子星座:浙商钱庄与晋商票号的考量

A Comparative Study on Zhejiang Private Money House & Shanxi Exchange Firm

早在春秋时代的越国就有一些精于经商之道的人;唐代从事商业者,有商贾之别;到明清时期便涌现出以地域联系为特征的各式商人集团,鼎足相拥的无非晋商、浙江宁绍商和徽商。其中宁绍商开设的钱庄和晋商经营的票号犹如浩瀚夜空里璀璨的双子星座。钱庄和票号的起源虽然有别,业务经营的走向上却逐步趋同,可谓"异源同业",成为华夏商业发展史尤其是金融发展史上的重要里程碑。

People engaged in business deals started to appear in the Yue State during the Spring and Autumn Period.In the Tang Dynasty there were two types of business people： business dealers and exchange shop owners.During the Ming and Qing dynasties a number of Chinese business groups were characterized by territorial connection,such as Shanxi Group,Zhejiang（Ningbo-Shaoxing） Group and Anhui Group.Among them private money-houses run by Ning-Shao merchants and exchange shops operated by Shanxi merchants were most outstanding.Despite the different origins of the two,they gradually took common traits in their business management.Both proved to be important milestones of Chinese business history,especially the history of banking development.