滇中地区麻栎天然次生林的林分特征研究

Stand Characteristics of Quercus acutissima Secondary Forest in Middle Yunnan

2007年3月对滇中禄丰村林场具有代表性的3 hm2麻栎次生林的组成及生长状况进行了调查,分析其林分类型,主要乔木树种的径阶分布及其在群落中的重要值,进而对林分的生态效能进行评价.研究结果表明,该麻栎次生林划分为麻栎—云南松和麻栎—云南松—滇油杉2种林分类型,林木株数分布分别集中于径阶8 cm和6 cm处,以麻栎为优势树种,云南松为伴生树种.麻栎林木的优势度达50.77,重要值为71.71.林分主要乔木树种麻栎、云南松及滇油杉的林木密度分别为1 825株/hm2、650株/hm2和325株/hm2,其中伴生树种云南松和滇油杉优势较为明显.林分中乔木层最大树高20.1 m,最大胸径40 cm,均为云南松植株.其群落结构简单,物种较少,生态功能差,为低质低效林分,急需改造.

The composition and growth of typical Quercus acutissima secondary forest with the area of 3 hm？ in Lufengcun Forest Farm of Yiliang county in middle Yunnan were studied in March 2007. The diameter and important value of main tree species were analyzed, and the ecological function of the studied stand was evaluated. The results of the study implied that the studied stand could be classified into two types, namely Q. acutissima-Pinus yunnanensis forest and Q. acutissirna-Pinus yunnanensis-Keteleeria evelyniana forest, mainly distributing with the major diameter as 8 cm and 6 cm respectively. Q. acutissima was the dominant tree species with the dominance of 50.77 and the important value of 71.71 , while P. yunnanensis was associated tree species. The density of these three species namely Q. acutissima, P. yunnanensis and K. evelyniana were 1825 individual/hm2 , 650 individual/hm2 and 325 individual/binz in order. The dominant position of Pinus yunnanensis and Keteleeria evelyniana as associated species was obvious. The biggest tree height and DBH in studied stand occurred in P. yunnanensis as 20. 1m and 40 em respectively. On the basis of this study, it concluded that the community structure and species composition of Q. acutissima secondary forest were relatively simple with few species and poor ecological function. It was a stand of low quality and low benefit, which urgently need to be restructured.