海南省香蕉枯萎病病原菌的分离鉴定及1号、4号小种的生物学特性

Isolation and Identification of Banana Vasicular Wilt in Hainan Province and Determination of Biological Characteristics of Strains Focr1 and Focr4

香蕉枯萎病是目前国内和世界很多地区香蕉种植区的一种毁灭性病害,目前尚未找到有效的防治方法。本文采集了海南省不同地区香蕉枯萎病的病原菌,通过经典病理学与分子生物学的方法进行了鉴定,此外还优化了快速检测的方法。结果表明,通过接种巴西香蕉和粉蕉进行致病性检测以及分离菌rDNA-ITS测序结果,明确鉴定出供试的香蕉分离菌株为4号生理小种,粉蕉分离菌株为1号生理小种。为了对1号、4号生理小种有更多的了解,本文还对1号、4号小种菌株生物学特性进行了测定,确定了影响菌丝生长的最佳条件。结果显示,pH5时最适合1号、4号生理小种的菌丝生长,适合菌丝生长的温度为19～28℃之间,温度达到37℃时菌丝不能生长,碳源对菌丝的生长影响不大。这些方法和数据可以有利于田间香蕉枯萎病病害的检测和最终确定,生物学特性的测定可以为耕作技术的改进和农药的研发提供参考依据。

Banana vasicular wilt （Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Cubense） is a kind of crushing disease to banana growing region in domestic and many parts of the world at present, up to now, there are no effective methods that the disease could be controlled. In this paper, we collected the pathogens of banana vasicular wilt the from different areas in Hainan province and identificated by using the means of classic pathology and molecular biology. Besides, we still optimized the rapid detection method. The results showed that we clearly identified the tested isolates of muss AAA is Foer 4 and the isolates ofmusa ABB is Foerl by means of vaccination Brazil banana and musa ABB group Fenjiao for detecting their pathogenicity and the rDNA-ITS sequencing of the isolates srtains. In order to understand more about the Focrl and Focr 4, we have already determined the biological characteristics of them, as a result, we established the optimum conditions affecting mycelial growth. The results displayed that pH 5 and the temperature between 19℃ and 28℃ were best for mycelial growth of Focrl and Focr 4, however, the hypha could not grow at the temperature of 37℃, and there was little effect on the growth of mycelium of Carbon sources. These methods and data could be beneficial to the banana wilt disease detection and finalisation in the fields, on the other hand, the determination of the biological characteristics might provide a reference for improving technology on farming and pesticide research.