我国食盐业专营垄断之变异、危害及其纠补

Variation and hazard of the monopoly in Chinese salt industry franchise and it’s rectification

我国食盐业实行实质为政策性垄断的专营制度,即国家对食盐实行指令性计划管理,由盐业行政部门主管食盐生产、分配及监督盐业运行,盐业公司只负责食盐批发。然而,由于现实立法的缺漏和行政权力不当让与,导致盐业公司合法垄断变异,带来权力寻租和食盐安全隐患等弊端。针对盐业公司的违法垄断行为,应进行食盐体制改革,完善食盐立法,以化解这种行为。

There is a franchise system in Chinese salt industry,which is essentially a policy monopoly.It means that the state carries out a mandatory management on salt industry,and administrative departments are in charge of the supervision and punishment on production,distribution of salt and operations of salt industry,while the salt companies are only in charge of the wholesales of salt.However,the variation of the legal monopoly of salt companies due to legislative gaps and improper administrative powers has brought kinds of drawbacks,such as power rent-seeking and risks of food safety in salt market.This paper puts forward some specific recommendations from two angles of structural reformation of the salt industry and perfection of the salt legislation,so as to get rid of the illegal practice.