被害人认识能力的刑法意义研究

Criminal significance of the victim’s cognitive ability

被害人的认识能力是刑法学上的一个重要问题。如果被害人不具备相应的认识能力,那么其承诺在刑法学上可能就难以成立,这在行为人与被害人存在互动关系的犯罪中表现得尤为明显。整体而言,被害人的认识能力属于构成要件的范畴。如果被害人不具备认识能力,那么,在我国刑法中涉及被害人认识能力的一系列罪名就因为不符合构成要件,而无法展开对行为人刑事责任的追究。而被害人认识能力的判断,必须结合民法等相关法律的规定才能得到正确的解决。

The victim’s cognitive ability is an important problem in the criminal law.The crimes related to the victim’s cognitive ability are not minor.If the victim does not have the cognitive ability,then it is impossible to explore the victim’s promise,which is particularly evident in interaction between people and the victims.On the whole,the victim’s cognitive ability belongs to the element of criminal constitute.If the victim does not have the cognitive ability,a series of charges relating to the victim’s cognitive ability may not be handled,nor can they be carried out on the perpetrator,due to the fact that they do not meet the elements of constitute.We should combinate the civil law and other laws to judge the victim’s cognitive ability.