“人称代词+来2+V（P）”构式语义分析——以“我来2V（P）”为例

On the Meaning of the Construction "Personal Pronoun+Lai2+V（P）":A Case Study of "Wo+Lai2+V（P）"

现代汉语“人称代词＋来＋V（P）”句存在两种不同的语义，其一表示连动义，成分间关系松散；其二取整体义，框架中不宜插入其他成分，“来”语义虚化（学界称“来2”），重音在“人称代词”。本文认为，“人称代词＋来2＋V（P）”具有构式地位，构式义与“责任”义有关。本文以人称代词“我”为例，考察了“我来1V（P）”句大量真实语料，认为“我来2V（P）”的典型构式义为言者主动承担责任，非典型语义表示言者对行为／话语权的宣示。其中，V（P）的语义特征受到构式整体义的制约。在构式整体语义中，“来2”是起关键作用的成分。

The sentence ＂Personal Pronoun ＋ lai2 ＋ V （P）＂in Mandarin Chinese has two different meanings. One has a logical semantic relation between Lai2 and V（P）and its constituent parts are loosely related. The other has an overall meaning and other words are not allowed to be inserted between ＂Lai2＂ and V （P）. ＂Lai＂ here is grammarticalized, and ＂Personal Pronoun＂ is stressed. The paper holds that ＂Personal Pronouns＋lai2 ＋V（P）＂ has a constructional status, and its constructional meaning has something to do with ＂responsibility＂. This case study of the first Personal Pronoun ＂WO＂ is based on a large amount of the related corpus, and concludes that the typical meaning of the structure ＂Wo＋lai2＋V（P）is ＂the speaker takes the initiative to bear responsibility＂ and its atypical meaning is ＂the speaker claims his/her behavioral/speaking rights＂. The semantic features of ＂V（P）＂ are restricted by the whole meaning of the construction. ＂Lai2＂is crucial in the construction of the overall meaning.