五轴联动圆弧非线性插补算法及其软件实现

Arc Nonlinear Interpolation Algorithm for Five-axis Machine Tool and Its Software Implementation

以具有A、C旋转轴的刀具双摆动五轴机床为例,提出五轴联动数控机床的空间圆弧非线性时间分割插补算法。详细研究五轴联动中的平动和旋转运动的联动原理,利用齐次变换矩阵求取圆弧插补点的空间坐标。通过插补点的空间坐标,逆求出刀轴的旋转量,进而求取转角补偿位移,并将其叠加至平动位移上,在每一个插补步骤中进行补偿,从而实现空间圆弧的时间分割插补算法。最后利用VisualC++6.0编写该算法的仿真软件,验证该插补算法的正确性。五轴联动圆弧非线性插补算法适用于五轴联动数控机床中任意空间圆弧的插补。该算法计算简单,结果精确,刀具移动平稳。

Taking five-axis machine tool with cutting tool rotation axis of A and C for example, the are nonlinear interpolation algorithm based on time-sharing method for five-axis machine tool was proposed. The cooperating principle of motion and rotation of the five axes was researched. The space coordinates of interpolation points were calculated using homogeneous transformation matrix （HTM）. With these space coordinates, rotational angle of the cutting tool was calculated inversely. The extra displacement which was figured out using the rotational angle was added to the motion to compensate feed at each interpolation step. As a result, the arc nonlinear interpolation algorithm based on time-sharing method for five-axis was implemented. Simulation software was designed using Visual C ＋＋ 6. 0 to verify the validity of the interpolation algorithm. This algorithm can be applied to any space are interpolation on five-axis machine tools. It has the advantages of simple calculation, high precision of the interpolation result and smooth movement of cutting tool.