中国高技术产业劳动生产率非均衡特征分析——基于锡尔系数分解方法

Analysis of non-equilibrium development of labor productivity in high-tech industry in China:a decomposition approach of the Theil index

我国高技术产业整体发展存在明显的区域非均衡现象。在考察影响高技术劳动生产率主要因素的基础上,运用锡尔系数分解因素的方法从物质资本效率、软硬环境投入比、人均科研投入强度和科技人员比例等四个因素对全国、东中西三大地带组间和组内的高技术产业劳动生产率进行分解测度,结果表明:(1)全国各省市区高技术产业劳动生产率逐步趋同,但各因素及其协方差项影响程度不同;(2)东中西三大地带组间和组内劳动生产率的变化不同,两者对全国总体差异在不同时段贡献率也有所不同;(3)东中西三大地带组间劳动生产率趋同态势非常明显,人均科研投入强度因素影响最大;(4)三大地带组内波动较大,软硬环境投入比是影响最大的因素。

There is an obvious regional non-equilibrium phenomena in the development of high-tech industry in China.Based on the review of main factors affecting labor productivity of high-tech industry,the paper applies a methodology for decomposing labor productivity in high-tech industry into the efficiency of physical capital,the ratio of soft and hard investment,per captia RD,the ratio of scientific personnel and employed personnel in China.The decomposition methodology can be extended for analyzing between-and within-group inequlity components in the eastern,mid and western regions.The empirical illustration suggests some points.Firstly,regional inequality in labor productivity of high-tech industry in China is getting smaller and smaller,and the four components and the three covariance have different effects.Secondly,the between-and within-group inequlity in the eastern,mid and western regions are different,and their contribution to the overall inequality in the different periods are different,too.Thirdly,it is extremely obvious for convergence of the between-group inequlity,and per captia RD is the greatest factor of the four components.Fourthly,the within-group inequlity intensely fluctuates,and the ratio of soft and hard investment have the greatest effects.