癌症危险因素的病例对照研究

A Contrastive Case-Control Study on the Risk Factors of Cancer

目的探讨癌症发病的危险因素,为制定癌症的预防策略提供依据。方法将确诊的癌症患者352例作为研究病例,进行1:1配对病例-对照研究。在47个可能与癌症有关联的因素中,通过条件Logistic回归分析筛选主要危险因素。结果居住及工作环境的放射性、微波、水、空气、居室装修等检测,均在国家规定的正常范围。肿瘤家族史,吃动物内脏、动物油、烟熏食品、泡菜腌菜、油炸食品、剩菜剩饭,吸烟,压力大,经历过重大精神刺激等是癌症的危险因素(P<0.05);与家人相处愉快,文化程度高,月收入高,吃绿叶蔬菜、水果、鲜肉类、奶类、过酸食物是保护因素(P<0.05)。夫妻均患癌症28对。结论癌症的主要危险因素:家族遗传因素,饮食因素,吸烟,负性精神事件及不良心理因素等,提示癌症是一种生活方式疾病。改变不良生活方式是癌症预防的主要措施。

Objective To assess the risk factors of cancer and to offer the bases for making interventional measures.Method A 1：1 matched case-control study was performed in 352 cases with cancers and the main risk factors were screened out with conditional Logistic regression among 47 factors.Results The detection of radioactivity,microwave,water,air and house decoration in campus’s living and working condition reaches the national normal standard,Familial tumor disease,addiction to animal entrails,smoke-smell foods,pickles,deep-fried foods,orts,or smoking,overpressure and serious mental attack are the risk factors of cancer.Otherwise,people who have a pleasant family,higher education and a good income and an interest in vegetables,fruits,meat,milk and some sour-favor foods,will protect themselves from the harm.There were 28 couples who caught cancer in case group.Conclusion The main risk factors of cancer are the familial disease,diet,smoking,mental or psychological factors,long-time touch of poisonous types of work.In a word,cancer is a kind of disease which correlates life style;the essential measure to prevent cancer is to change unhealthy life style.