大学生健康状况及营养膳食分析

An Analysis of Health Condition and Dietary Nutrition of College Students

目的了解大学生的健康状况和膳食营养状况,为大学生保健工作提供依据。方法以日照市某职业院校7774名学生为研究对象,采用查体、问卷调查及膳食调查的方法 ,对大学生健康及营养状况进行评价。结果大学生贫血检出率为2.55%,女生贫血比例高于男生,差异有统计学意义(z=-13.67,P<0.01);视力不良率为91.00%,女生视力不良率高于男生,差异有统计学意义(z=-9.62,P<0.01);男生对肉类、蛋类、奶类,女生对肉类、米、面等的摄入量均明显少于参考摄入量标准;男、女生对蛋白质、脂肪、钙、铁、锌等摄入量均未达到参考摄入量标准。结论大学生普遍视力不良,少数人贫血,这与学生的膳食结构及各种营养素的摄入不合理有关。应加强营养知识的宣传教育,改善学生膳食营养,从而提高学生的健康水平。

Objective To provide a reference for the health care of college students by researching and analyzing their health and dietary conditions.Method 7 774 students in a polytechnic in Rizhao were taken as the experiment subjects.By medical examination,questionnaire,and dietary survey,the health and dietary nutrition were evaluated.Results The detectable rate of anemia is 2.55%,and girls＇ is higher than boys＇,with the significant difference（z=-13.67,P〈0.01）.The detectable rate of poor sight is 91.00%;girls＇ is higher than boys＇（z=-9.62,P〈0.01）.The boys＇ intake anount of meat,eggs,milk,and as girls＇ intake amount of meat,rice,wheaten food are below the reference standard.So is the intake by both girls and boys of protein,fat,calcium,ferrum zinc.Conclusion Poor eyesight at large and anenia of a few are caused by unreasonable dietary structure and various nutrients intake.The education on nutrition knowledge should be strenghthened,and the students＇ dietary nutrition should be enhanced so that the students＇ health level will be improved.