抗菌药物不良反应的社会与经济后果调查

An Investigation into Socio-economic Impact of Adverse Drug Reactions of Antibacterial Agent Irrational Use

目的:研究抗菌药物不良反应所造成的社会经济负担。方法:应用文献检索与现场调查相结合的方式,对我国抗菌药物不良反应进行调查。结果:我国抗菌药物使用以及不良反应的发生占所有药品的1/3以上,抗菌药物综合不良反应发生率为10.0%～20.0%;我国每年因抗菌药物不良反应需要住院或延长住院时间的患者为55.0万～263.4万人次,门诊中重度抗菌药物不良反应发生为1473.8万人次,抗菌药物不良反应导致约15.0万人死亡;每年用于抗菌药物不良反应处理费用为29.1亿～139.3亿元,导致社会生产力损失3.4亿～16.2亿元。结论:抗菌药物不良反应占我国药物不良反应比例高,所致后果严重,大部分与不合理用药有关,提倡合理使用抗菌药物具有重要社会经济意义。

Objective： To investigate the socio-economic impact of drug adverse reactions （ADR） coursed by antibacterial agents. Methods： By the on-site investigation and literature analysis, the socio-economic impact of antibacterial ADR was evaluated. Results： ADRs of antibacterial agents took 1/3 of all the drugs ADR in China, which occurred in 10.00%-20.00% patients with antibacterial therapy. It was estimated that, yearly in China, 550 000-2 634 000 person-times should admit hospital or prolong hospital stay-time for antibacterial agent ADRs. 14 738 000 person-times suffered from moderate to severe antibacterial agent ADRs in outpa- tient setting, and 150 000 patients died of antibacterial agent ADRs. The antibacterial agent ADRs treatment cost 2.91-13.93 billion RMB yuan and led social productivity loss about 340 million-1.62 billion RMB yuan. Conclusions： ADR coursed by antibacterial agents is a crucial public health problem, and most of the ADR associates with drug irrational use. Campaign for antibacterial agent rational use is an urgent need in China.