康德先验美学的内在逻辑

The Inner Logic of Kant's Transcendental Aesthetics

康德先验美学的内在逻辑与其先验哲学的内在逻辑是不同的,在康德前两大批判中康德直接从主观的普遍必然性出发为其寻求先验原理从而建构了他的先验哲学。而在《判断力批判》中,康德将鉴赏问题纳入到反思判断力中,进而为反思判断力寻求先天原理。康德通过分析反思判断力的先天问题,将自然形式合目的性与人类愉快的情感结合起来,为愉快去寻求普遍必然性,而愉快的普遍必然性又来自于想象力与知性的自由和谐的游戏,从而为趣味判断寻求到普遍必然性,最终论证了自然形式合目的性先天原理与美学问题的关联。

The inner logic of Kant＇s aesthetics is different from his transcendental philosophy. In his former two volumes of critique, beginning with the general necessity of subject, Kant sought for the transcendental principle in order to construct his transcendental philosophy. While in The Critique of Judgement, he brought the judgement of taste into his reflective judgement, and found the transcendental principle for it. Through analyzing the reflective judgement of the transcendental principle, Kant combined the feelings of pleasure with the concept of purposiveness of nature to quest for the general necessity, which came from a free and harmonious game played by imagination and understanding. In this way, judgement of taste found its general necessity, and he finally confirmed the relationship between the principle of purposiveness of nature and aesthetics.