历史·伦理·精神——对中国古代刑法的价值分析

On Values of the Ancient Chinese Criminal Laws From Perspectives of History,Ethics and Spirits

文章着眼于对中国古代刑事法律制度的价值探析,由古代刑法形成的历史、伦理和精神价值三层次展开论述,在历史价值层面评析了古代刑制具有的社会等级性、宗教性、厌诉性,在伦理价值层面阐述了刑制与道义人情、孝义亲情、宗族法则的融合,在精神价值层面分析了礼法关系变换的三个时期,即礼主法辅、礼辅法主、礼法贯通的三阶段。

The principal aim of this article is to discuss the values of the ancient Chinese criminal laws from perspectives of history, ethics and spirits. At historical dimension, the article respectively analyzes the unique elements inherent to ancient crimi- nal laws, including social rank, rellgionm and populacc＇s reluctance to litigate. On ethical layer, the article mainly introduces the incorporation of moral care and human relationship, filial piety and natural affection, and dan rules into criminal laws. In the last phase, the article gives special attention to spirits underlying the ancient criminal laws - in particular to transformations of the rela- tion of rites and penalties, which has experienced three different stages- namely, the period characteristic of rites as root, the pe- riod characteristic of law as domination, and the period characteristic of integration of rites and law.