侵权行为法对权利与利益保护的比较法分析

Analysis of protection given to rights and interests by tort law from view of comparative law

侵权行为法是民法的重要组成部分,是保护民事主体民事权益,制裁民事违法行为,推动文明进步和社会发展的重要法律武器。传统上侵权行为法的保护客体仅为绝对权,现今已扩张至将相对权以及权利外利益包括在内。虽在保护客体上主要国家取得了一致,但在对权利与利益的保护程度上,世界范围内却有两种相对的立法例:差别保护立法例与平等保护立法例,从侵权行为法中的价值衡量出发,对比两种立法例可知平等保护立法例较之差别保护立法例更为可取。

Tort law is an important part in modern civil law which play an significant role in providing protection to people. According to the different objects , the tort,may be distinguished to torts against fights and torts against interests. Traditionally, protection is only given to absolute rights in tort law,bowever,nowadays the range extend to including relative tights and even kinds of interests. Although most cour bolds sinilar in the question of protection range, when it come to protection extent there are two different kinds of islation ：idstinctive protection and equal protection. Comparing this two alternative according to principle of value-balance in tort law,the conclusion that the latter one is more preferable can be drawn.