动态交通分配理论研究综述

A Synthesis of Dynamic Traffic Assignment Theories

动态交通分配能反映路网交通流的拥挤性、路径选择的随机性、交通需求的时变性等典型交通流动态特征,比静态交通分配有着明显的优越性。在简要介绍动态交通分配的重要组成要素的基础上,归纳总结动态交通分配区别于静态交通分配的六个典型特征:因果性、先进先出原则、路段状态方程、路段流出函数、路段特性函数和路段阻抗函数。从路径选择准则、路径走行时间定义、出行者出行选择假定、动态网络交通流模型研究方法等四个方面对动态交通分配模型的分类进行综述性研究,分析不同模型的优缺点,并总结动态交通分配理论的未来研究方向,可为动态交通分配研究提供一定的参考。

Dynamic traffic assignment can describe the typical dynamic traffic flow characteristics such as the congestion of network traffic flows,the randomness of route choices,as well as the time-varying nature of traffic demands,and thus it presents obvious advantages over a static traffic assignment.With introducing the important components of dynamic traffic assignment,the six typical characteristics of dynamic traffic assignment are summarized,including causality,first-in-first-out,link state function,link exit function,link performance function and path cost function.A synthesis study of the classification of dynamic traffic assignment models from different four aspects is provided.The pros and cons of different models are further analyzed,and the prospective research direction of dynamic traffic assignment theories is finally summarized.