不同氮水平下固氮菌肥对油菜施用效果研究

The Study on Rape Affected by Azotobacter Fertilizer in Levels of Nitrogen

为了确定固氮菌的最佳氮素范围,本文通过油菜盆栽生物模拟试验,在石灰性土壤上研究了固氮菌与不同氮水平配施对土壤养分、油菜生长发育的影响,结果表明:①与M1(不施菌肥)相比,M2(固氮菌)使土壤全氮、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾平均提高了19.2%、20.7%、12.0%、11.5%;使油菜鲜重、干重、株高平均增加33.5%、26.5%、15.8%;使油菜氮、磷、钾含量增加了22.5%、12.0%、13.6%,且在N3水平增幅最大;使油菜Vc含量、叶绿素、还原糖增加了8.8%、13.8%、30.4%,硝酸盐含量降低了34.4%,且中高氮水平时对提高油菜品质较为明显;②经隶属函数法对施用固氮菌肥后油菜综合施用效果分析,隶属函数值均呈N3>N4>N2>N1趋势,表明固氮菌在N3(0.15 g.kg-1)水平对油菜的综合施用效果最好。

Through the pot-experiment on rape,to determine the best scope of nitrogen,this paper studies the effects of azotobacter fertilizer in different levels of nitrogen on lime-soil nutrient and the growth of Rape.The result shows： ①Comparing with M1（none-azotobacter）,M2（azotobacter） increases total-N,dissolving-N,available-P and available-K in the soil respectively by 19.2%、20.7%、12.0%、11.5%,and fresh heavy,dry heavy,and plant height of Rape by 33.5%、26.5%、15.8%.Moreover,the contents of N,P and K rose by 22.5%、12.0%、13.6%（the rate of increase of N3 is largest）;M2 still increases the contents of Vc,and chlorophyll and reducing sugar by 8.8%、13.8%、30.4% respectively,in contrast with the reduction of.nitrate by 34.4%,which apparently improve Rape quantity in middle-high nitrogen.②Through the method of the membership function,it analyzes impacts of azotobacter fertilizer on Rape.The result reveals the trend of N3N4N2N1and demonstrates the most prominent effect at N3（0.15 g·kg^-1）.