非晶态镍催化剂上戊二腈催化加氢制备戊二胺

Hydrogenation of Glutaronitrile to Cadaverine on Amorphous Ni Alloy Catalyst

采用非晶态镍催化剂、以无水乙醇为溶剂,在高压反应釜中进行了戊二腈催化加氢制备戊二胺的实验,考察了催化剂和助催化剂用量(均为质量分数,基于戊二腈)、反应温度、反应压力、加入液氨等因素对该反应的影响。实验结果表明,在非晶态Fe-Mo-Ni-Al催化剂用量15%、NaOH助催化剂用量0.25%、戊二腈与乙醇的体积比1:5、反应压力3MPa、反应温度70℃的优化反应条件下,戊二腈的转化率达100.0%,戊二胺的选择性达66.8%。非晶态镍催化剂上戊二腈催化加氢制备戊二胺的反应历程为:首先戊二腈催化加氢生成5-氨基戊腈,然后5-氨基戊腈催化加氢生成目标产物戊二胺和副产物六氢吡啶。

Catalytic hydrogenation of glutaronitrile to cadaverine on amorphous Ni-Al alloy catalyst with ethanol as solvent in an autoclave reactor was investigated. Effects of temperature, pressure, catalyst dosage, co-catalyst NaOH dosage and liquid ammonia addition on the hydrogenation reaction were studied. Under the conditions of volume ratio of glutaronitrile to solvent 1 ： 5, amorphous Fe-Mo- Ni-Al catalyst dosage 15% （mass fraction based on glutaronitrile）, co-catalyst NaOH dosage 0.25% （mass fraction based on glutaronitrile）, reaction pressure 3 MPa and temperature 70 ℃, conversion of glutaronitrile and selectivity to cadaverine could reach 100.0% and 66. 8%, respectively. And byproduct of the hydrogenation was mainly hexahydropyridine. Reaction mechanism of the catalytic hydrogenation of glutaronitrile to cadaverine on the amorphous Ni-AI alloy catalyst was discussed, where glutaronitrile was first hydrogenated to 5-aminovaleronitrile and then the 5-aminovaleronitrile was hydrogenated to either cadaverine or byproduct hexahydropyridine through ring formation.