中世纪大学教师职业概述

An Overview of Teaching Profession of Medieval Colleges and Universities

中世纪后期随着欧洲学术的复兴和城市的发展,具有相对流动性的知识分子阶层开始出现,具有教会背景的学者和翻译家逐渐成为中世纪大学最初的教师。教师薪金制的确立和发展,使教师任职从有限的和中期的契约合同转变到终身,使大学教师获得了与律师、医生或牧师一样的职业地位,促使大学成为一个有效的高等教育机构。

With the academic revival and the urban development,the class of intellectuals with a relative mobility began to appear in the late Middle Ages. For the early medieval colleges and universities,their first teachers came from the scholars and translators with a churchly background. The establishment and development of teachers＇ stipendiary system made it possible that college teachers gain the same occupational status as lawyers and doctors,which turned the colleges and universities into an effective institution of higher education.