泰安地区血液筛查HBV残余风险评价及检测模式探讨

Survey of the Residual Risks of Screening HBV and the Test Mode in Taian

目的调查泰安地区现有的血液检测体系是否存在输血传播乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)的残余风险及研究前S1抗原(PreS1-Ag)与HBV-DNA的相关性。方法对无偿献血者HBsAg(+)、部分ALT(+)、HBsAg灰区(OD/Co>0.7)标本及部分临床HBV感染者标本进行酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测HBsAg、HBsAb、HBeAg、HBeAb、HBcAb及PreS1-Ag,同时应用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(PCR)仪检测HBV-DNA含量。结果HBsAg(+)模式中,PreS1-Ag和HBV-DNA检出率较高(61.9%和63.69%)。PreS1-Ag吸光度值和HBV-DNA的拷贝数有正相关性(r=0.680)。结论现有的血液检测体系存在潜在输血传播HBV风险,建议检测HBsAg和HBcAb同时增加HBV-DNA检测,以有效阻断HBV的输血传播。PreS1-Ag在一定程度上是否能代替HBV-DNA检测还待于进一步研究。

Objective To investigate the residual risks of transfusion-transmitted HBV in current donor screening system of Tai′an area.To explore the correlat between PreS1-Ag and HBV-DNA.Methods After the ELISA tests（HBsAg/HBsAb/HBeAg/HBeAb/HBcAb/PreS1-Ag） were performed,NAT tests of HBV-DNA on plasma samples were conducted by PCR.Results The detection rate of PreS1-Ag was 61.9% and of HBV-DNA was 63.69% in total type B hepatitis.The copy number of HBV-DNA was positive correlated with Pre-S1.Conclusion Current blood donor screening system has some residual risks of transfusion-transmitted HBV.NAT and HBcAb tests should be implemented to reduce the residual risks of transfusion-transmitted HBV.