淮河流域安徽段水系沉积物中多环芳烃的污染性状研究

Pollution Characteristics of PAHs in Sediments from the Huaihe River Basin

应用气相色谱质谱联用仪测定淮河流域安徽段水系沉积物样品中萘、二氢苊、苊、芴、菲、蒽、荧蒽、芘、苯并[a]蒽、、苯并[a]芘和二苯并[a,h]蒽等12种多环芳烃的质量分数,并在此基础上分析沉积物中多环芳烃的区域分布、污染特征和来源。结果表明:研究区水系沉积物中多环芳烃有一定程度的富集,但与国内其他河流相比,样品中多环芳烃的质量分数不高;淮河南北岸支流沉积物中多环芳烃的含量差异比较明显,尤其是东淝河,含量明显低于淮北平原上的其它河流;淮河主干道和北岸支流沉积物中4环以上的多环芳烃含量较高,而南岸支流的淠河和东淝河沉积物中2～3环的多环芳烃平均含量明显高于其他环数;通过污染来源分析,沉积物中多环芳烃除与天然成岩过程有关外,大都是由有机物质的燃烧与热解引起的。

The contents of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs） including Naphthalene,Acenaphthylene,Acenaphthene,Fluo-rene,Phenanthrene,Anthracene,Fluoranthene,Pyrene,Benz[a]anthracene,Chrysene,Benzo[a]pyrene,and Dibenzo[a,h]anthracene were determined by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer（GC-MS） in sediments from the Anhui Section in Huaihe River Basin.Made use of these data,PAHs distribution,pollution characteristics and source in sediments were analyzed.The research results showed as follows：（1） Pollution in the sediments from PAHs appears in research area.But compared with the others in China,the concentrations of PAHs are not high in sediments from the Huaihe River Basin.（2） The great majority of PAHs contents in sediment from the southern branches,especially Dongfeihe River,are lower than them from the northern branches.（3） Concentrations of the four and five ringed PAHs are higher in the main channel and the northern branches of Huaihe River than in the southern branches.Through analyzing about pollution source,which the sediment in research area suffered from PAHs is not only related to natural diagenesis but also because of organic matter combustion and thermolysis.