土壤中三种盐对油菜富集镉的影响

Effects of three salts to oilseed rape (Brassica napus) accumulating cadmium in Cd-contaminated soil

为了利用被镉污染的盐土,通过实验分析镉污染盐土中三种盐对油菜(Brassica napus)富集镉影响的差异性,探明不同类型镉污染盐土上种植油菜的植物修复效果。以镉超累积植物油菜为研究植物,通过温室盆栽土培试验,将油菜在含有不同质量分数盐(wS:0 g·kg-1,2 g·kg-1,4 g·kg-1,6 g·kg-1)的含镉(wCd:10 mg·kg-1)土壤中培养60天,研究油菜对镉的生物富集因子、植株内地上部分和根部镉的质量分数变化。选择土壤中三种主要盐的类型,即氯化钠、硫酸钠和碳酸钠作为分析和研究对象。结果表明,含碳酸钠的土壤对油菜吸收镉有抑制作用,含硫酸钠的土壤对油菜吸收镉也有抑制作用,但效果没有碳酸钠的土壤大,含氯化钠的土壤对油菜吸收镉的影响不显著,只是在高质量分数时对油菜吸收镉有一些促进作用。在含不同类型盐的土壤中,不同土壤盐对油菜富集镉的能力也有显著的差异,土壤中氯化钠对油菜根部富集镉的能力没有显著影响,而对油菜地上部分富集镉的能力有一定的促进作用;土壤中的碳酸钠对油菜地上和地下部分富集镉的能力都有显著的抑制作用,不利于油菜对镉的富集。

To take advantage of the saline soil polluted by cadmium in the phytoremediation,through the experiment we analyze the differences of oilseed rape accumulating cadmium in three kinds of saline soil,and proved the effects that plant oilseed rape in different types of saline soils.The study was conducted with greenhouse pot cultivation experiment and hyperaccumulator of oilseed rape as studying plant.The oilseed rapes were cultivated with supplies of salt（wS： 0 g·kg^-1,2 g·kg^-1,4 g.kg^-1,6 g·kg^-1） and cadmium（wCd： 10 mg·kg^-1）,and in relation to the bioconcentration factor,shoot Cd quality score of and root Cd quality score of 60-day-old plants were investigated.The three main salt types selected in soil were sodium chloride,sodium sulfate and sodium carbonate.The results showed that the soil containing sodium carbonate to the rapeseed inhibit the absorption of cadmium,and containing sodium sulfate soil is the same,but the effect of sodium sulfate in the soil is not larger than sodium carbonate.The effects are not significant,which oilseed rape absorbs Cd in the soil containing sodium chloride,but there are some catalytic roles at high quality score on the absorption of cadmium.In the soil containing different types of salts,the capacity of oilseed rape accumulating cadmium is also sig-nificant difference.There is no significant effects to the capacity of root of oilseed rape accumulating cadmium in soil containing sodium chloride,but there is acceleration to the aerial part of oilseed rape;Sodium carbonate in the soil can depress significantly the ability of cadmium accumulation on the ground and underground parts of oilseed rape,so is not conducive to the accumulation of cadmium.