有机肥与化肥的生产能耗、投入成本和环境效益比较分析——以污泥堆肥生产有机肥为例

Comparative analysis of organic and chemical fertilizer production energy consumption, input cost and environmental benefit:Sewage sludge composting as example

针对目前国内肥料生产和施用现状,分别从能耗、成本和污染物排放等三个方面对有机肥和化肥进行比较分析。化肥生产呈现高能耗和高污染排放,而有机肥则表现为低能耗、无污染的特点,同时还可消纳废弃物,减轻污染负荷。从投入成本上分析,化肥相对于有机肥具有一定优势,其单位面积和折纯养分投入分别是有机肥的53%和26%。有机肥相对于化肥,其污染物排放负荷很低。从节能减排和降低投入的角度,提出支持基于废弃物资源化的有机肥产业化发展。

Energy consumption,input cost and pollutant emissions of organic and chemical fertilizers were comparatively analyzed.Chemical fertilizer is reflected as high energy consumption and high pollution emissions,while organic fertilizer is manifested as low energy consumption,pollution-free characteristics,meanwhile also reduce pollution loads.From view of input cost,chemical fertilizer’s per unit area and the folding of pure organic fertilizer nutrient inputs are 53% and 26% of organic fertilizer.Compared with chemical fertilizer,pollutants emission load of organic fertilizer is lower.Because of energy-saving emission reduction and cost reduction,organic fertilizer industry based on waste reclamation should be supported.