广东和海南省海涂土壤的粘粒矿物特征

THE CLAY MINERALOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BEACH SOIL OF GUANGDONG PROVINCE AND HAINAN PROVINCE

本文通过X射线衍射、差热分析和电子显微镜观察,研究了广东和海南省海涂土壤的粘粒矿物组成。分析结果表明,海涂土壤粘粒矿物的特点是普遍存在较多水云母,高岭石结晶度较差,还不同程度地出现蒙脱石、绿泥石类矿物、各种混层矿物、硅藻碎片和硫化铁等;由于物源和气候等因素形成了三个不同组合比例的矿物类型:高岭石—水云母—绿泥石,水云母—绿泥石—高岭石,高岭石—水云母—蒙脱石—绿泥石。海涂土壤的矿物种类较多,组合也较均匀,对植物的钾素养分、保肥性和供肥性优于地带性土壤。

The composition of clay mineral of beach soil in Guangdong Province and Hainan Province is studied in this paper by X-Ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis and electron microscope. According to the results of analysis, the clay mineralogical characteristics of beach soil are found that there have more hydromicas commonly, the crystallinity of Kaolinite is weak and montmorillonite, chlorite and its similar mineral, some mixed-layer mineral, diatomaceous piece, iron sulfide, etc. are also found in varying degrees. Because of the matter resource, weather and other reasons, three differential composition types of clay mineral are formed: Kaolinite-hydromicas-chlorite, hydromicas-chorite-kaolinite and kaolinite-hydromicas-montmorillonite-chorite.There are more kinds and more contents of mineral in the beach soil. So the fertility retention and nutrient supplying of the beach soil for the crops are better than that of zonal soils.