清代山东农业改制述论

A Studay about Shandong Agricultural Reformations of Qing Dynasty

随着清代山东人口的增殖,人均占有的耕地越来越少,迫使小农不得不设法实现土地资源的优化配置,在农业生产中发展了麦豆复种为主的二年三熟制。这一制度虽然形成于明末清初,但直到清中期以后才逐渐发展成熟,除了充足的劳动力因素外,作物的搭配模式发挥了重大的作用。

With the growth of population in Qing Dynasty,the per capita farmland was became less and less.That caused farmers to use the land rationally.They planted wheat and bean as their main crops and formed system of the three crops of two years.Though the system formed in the late Ming Dynasty,it tended to reach perfection untile the middle term of Qing Dynasty.The sufficient labour power and the crops planting patterns played important roles.