汉川市实施河滩禁牧、以机代牛措施控制血吸虫病效果评价

Evaluation on the outcome of "herd-prohibiting and tractor-ploughing" for schistosomiasis control on river banks

目的评价河滩禁牧、以机代牛措施控制血吸虫病的效果,为制定防治策略提供依据。方法选择汉川市汉北河沿线的新堰镇、垌冢镇(上游区),麻河镇、刘隔镇(中游区),新河镇(下游区)的40个血吸虫病流行村实施河滩禁牧、以机代牛综合措施,观察分析居民和耕牛感染及螺情变化。结果2004年基线调查显示:上、中、下游项目区存栏耕牛数量多,耕牛感染率均大于10%,人群感染率均大于9%,感染性钉螺密度高;2005-2008年实施禁牧后,项目区耕牛逐年减少,至2007年全部淘汰,感染螺平均密度逐年下降。至2007年,项目区人群和耕牛感染率均达到了疫情控制标准的5%以下。结论汉川市汉北河流域通过实施河滩禁牧、以机代牛综合措施,有效地控制了血吸虫病传播。

Objective oevaluate the outcome of the following two measures for Schistosomiasis Control on river banks：1,to prohibit herd on river banks,2,to use tractor instead of cattle for ploughing.Methods Five townships of Xing-yan and Tong-zhong（upper reaches）,Ma-he and Liu-ge（middle reaches） and Xing-he（lower reaches） and fourty schistosomiasis endemic villages were selected to implement the above mentioned two measures.The infection rate of human and cattle as well as the Oncomelania hupensis snail condition were observed and analysed.Results The baseline survey in 2004 showed that there are cattle on the banks from the upper to lower reaches along Hanbei river.The infection rate of cattle and people was higher than 10% and 9% respectively,and also high density of infected snails in the pilot areas.Since the comprehensive measures of herd-prohibiting and tractor-ploughing on the river banks from 2005 to 2008,the number of cattle was reduced year by year,and elimininated by 2007.The density of infected snails was also declined,and the infection rate of cattle and people was below 5%,in keeping with the ＂national standard of under control＂ by 2007.Conclusions It showed that the implementation of the comprehensive measures,＂herd-prohibiting and tractor-ploughing＂,could effectively make schistosomiasis under control on the river banks.