非营养性吸吮和吸吮8%葡萄糖水对缓解新生儿疼痛的效果观察

Effects of non-nutritive sucking and 8% glucose sucking on alleviating the pain of neonatal infants

目的探索非药物治疗缓解新生儿疼痛的有效方法。方法将130例住院新生儿随机分为非营养性吸吮组和吸吮8%葡萄糖水组,各65例,在采足跟血疼痛刺激前30s、穿刺后20s、1min、3min分别记录心率、呼吸、经皮血氧饱和度和哭声持续时间,并在穿刺1min后根据新生儿面部编码系统、新生儿疼痛评估量表进行疼痛评分。结果穿刺后20s两组新生儿心率加快(P<0.01),1min时恢复到穿刺前水平;穿刺后20s、1min两组新生儿呼吸频率均加快(P<0.05),3min时恢复到穿刺前水平;两组新生儿穿刺前后经皮血氧饱和度均无明显变化(P>0.05);穿刺后吸吮8%葡萄糖水组新生儿哭声持续时间少于非营养性吸吮组(P<0.01);吸吮8%葡萄糖水组新生儿面部编码系统和新生儿疼痛评估量表评分均低于非营养性吸吮组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论新生儿对急性疼痛很敏感,吸吮8%葡萄糖水对新生儿有相对较好的止痛作用,在临床护理中,可应用非药物治疗干预措施。

Objective To explore the effective methods of non - drug treatments to relieve pain of neonatal infants. Methods Totally, 130 neonatal infants were randomly divided into the non - nutritive sucking group （NNS） and the 8% glucose sucking group （GS）. Heart rates, respiratory rates, transcutaneous oxygen saturation,and the duration of crying of the two groups were recorded 30 seconds before heel puncture,20 seconds, 1 minute,and 3 minutes after heel puncture. The pain was assessed with neonatal facial coding system （NFCS） and neonatal infant pain scale（NIPS） 1 minute after heel puncture. Results The heart rates of the two groups at 20 seconds after heel puncture were significantly higher than those before heel puncture（P 〈 0.01 ） ,and recovered to the level before puncture at 1 minute after heel puncture. The respiratory rates of the two groups at 20 seconds and 1 minute after heel puncture were significantly higher than those before heel puncture（P 〈 0.05 ） , and recovered to the level before puncture at 3 minutes after heel puncture. The Oxygen saturation of the two groups showed no significant difference between before and after heel puncture（ P 〈 0.05 ）. The durations of crying in GS group was significantly shorter than that of NNS group （ P 〈 0.01 ）. NFCS scores and NIPS scores in GS group were significantly lower than those in NNS group（ P 〈 0.05 或 P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion Neonatal infants have sensitive responds to acute pain stimulation. Glucose sucking has more significant analgesic effects for neonatal infants. So it could be applied in the clinical nursing.