PVC-g-DMC抗菌聚合物的制备及其在PVC中的应用

Preaparation of PVC-g-DMC and Its Application in PVC

利用固相悬浮法合成了以聚氯乙烯(PVC)为骨架聚合物、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)为支链的接枝共聚物(PVC-g-DMC)。通过傅里叶红外/拉曼光谱仪、核磁共振波谱仪、差示扫描量热仪、热分析仪等对其进行了表征,结果表明,DMC单体成功接枝到PVC分子链上,使接枝物的玻璃化转变温度和熔点均随接枝率的升高而提高。进一步分析引发剂、单体浓度、反应温度、反应时间和亲水性对接枝率的影响,得出相应的最优接枝率。同时,通过X射线衍射研究了接枝物的结晶度。在此基础上,用机械共混法制备了PVC/PVC-g-DMC共混物。当PVC-g-DMC添加量为10%(质量分数,下同)时,共混物的拉伸强度、冲击强度比未改性前分别提高了45.1%、76.63%。还考察了不同含量、不同接枝率共混物的抗菌性能。经抗菌性能检测证明抗菌塑料的抗菌效果十分显著。

In this paper, solid-phase suspension method was employed to synthesize a 2-trimethylammonium ethyl methacrylate chloride （DMC） grafted PVC resin （PVC-g-DMC）. The effect of initiator, monomer concentration, reaction temperature, and reaction time on the grafting degree was investigated, FT-IR and ^1H-NMR confirmed the grafting structure. DSC showed that the glass transition temperature and melting point of PVC-g-DMC increased with increasing grafting degree. The crystallinity of the resin was determined using XRD. PVC-g-DMC was introduced into PVC as a modifier. When the loading of PVC-g-DMC was 10 wt %, the tensile and impact strengths increased by 45.1 %, 76. 63 %, respectively, compared with un-modified resins. The inclusion of PVC-g-DMC also improved anti-bacterial properties of PVC.