冷战后中国周边政策的历史演进

The Development of China's Periphery policy in the Post-Cold War Era

冷战时期的中国是一个没有地区政策的地区大国。冷战结束以来,"稳定周边"成为中国首要的对外目标。从历史的维度看,冷战后中国周边政策的演进可分为三个阶段:过渡期(1989—1995)的中国周边政策表现为全面建交和经济外交;调整期(1996—2001)的周边外交主要围绕地区重要大国展开,受制于大国关系和大国战略;进入成熟期(2002—)的主要标志是次区域—双边—地区多层政策结构的成型。这一结构的形成与中国的国家均衡发展战略密切相关。它不仅体现出国内战略和对外战略的联动性,也说明了多层次和多领域的多边合作已成为中国塑造理想地区环境的重要手段。该政策结构能否延续取决于中国发展战略的走向和周边国家的反馈。

China in the Cold War Era was a regional power without regional policy. Since the end of the Cold War,'Stabilizing periphery' became China's primary diplomatic goal. The evolution of China's periphery policy in the Post-Cold War Era can be divided into three stages. The first is transition period (1989-1995),when the focus was all-around establishment of diplomatic relations. The second is adjustment period (1996-2001),when the periphery policy was conducted around regional key powers and was subjected to great power relations and great power strategy. The third is maturity period (2002-),which is symbolized by the forming of a policy structure consisting of sub-regional-bilateral-regional levels. The formation of the structure is related to national balanced development strategy. The continuation of the structure depends on the trend of China's development strategy and feedbacks of periphery nations.