文脉信息与认知负荷对羽毛球运动员工作记忆组化能力的影响

Influence of Contextual Information and Cognitive Load on the Structured Capacity of Badminton Athletes' Working Memory

选取16名羽毛球专业运动员和16名大学生初学者为被试,以羽毛球专项录像模拟情境中的视频工作记忆为实验任务,来探讨运动员在不同文脉信息与认知负荷情况下工作记忆绩效特征。结果表明:工作记忆组化能力受认知负荷与文脉信息的影响。专家与新手在无文脉信息情况下工作记忆准确性没有差异,在有文脉信息情况下,专家记忆准确性明显优于新手。在记忆提取时间上,有文脉信息组被试提取记忆的时间快于无文脉信息组被试。

This study selected 16 professional badminton athletes and 16 college students who were tested as the subjects according to that the special video simulated badminton episodic working memory for the experimental task,to explore the case characteristics of working memory performance of the athletes in the different contextual information and cognitive load.The results show that the structured of working memory was affected by task difficult and contextual information;in the absence of contextual information,experts and novices won＇t significant difference on the accuracy of working memory cases,contextual information in the circumstances,experts＇ accuracy of memory is superior to novice;about extraction time in memory,contextual information subjects were faster than without contextual information subjects.