女性急性心肌梗死患者临床及冠脉造影特点分析

Clinical and Coronary Angiographic Characteristics in Female Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

目的探讨女性急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者临床及冠状动脉造影的相关特点,为女性AMI的防治提供依据。方法AMI患者102例,其中女性42例,男性60例,分析其危险因素、临床症状、冠状动脉病变特点。结果女性AMI患者的发病平均年龄晚,平均病史短,首发症状不典型;女性糖尿病及高脂血症史、冠脉两支以上病变均高于男性(P均<0.05);女性并发心源性休克和泵衰竭高于男性(P均<0.05)。结论女性AMI发病年龄晚,临床易误诊及漏诊,预后差,应重视其在发病早期的综合治疗。

Objective To study the clinical and coronary angiographic characteristics in female patients with acute myocardial infarction（AMI）.Methods The clinical records of 102 patients with AMI,including 42 women and 60 men,were analyzed retrospectively.The risk factors for AMI,the clinical characteristics,and the coronary angiographic characteristics were compared.Results Compared with male patients,the average age at the onset of AMI was older,the case history was shorter,and the onset symptoms was atypical in female patients.The incidences of concomitant diabetes mellitus,hyperlipidemia,multivessel lesions,cardiogenic shock,and cardiac pump failure were significantly higher in female patients than in male patients（all P〈0.05）.Conclusion The characteristics of female patients with AMI include older age at the onset,a relatively shorter history,a series of atypical clinical symptoms and high incidences of complications.Comprehensive treatment at early stage of AMI is very important.