归因方式对不同自尊水平个体状态焦虑情绪的影响

Influence of Attributional Style on Different Self-esteem Levels of Individual’s State Anxiety

目的:探讨归因方式对不同自尊水平个体状态焦虑情绪的影响。方法:以216名大学生为对象,运用Rosenberg自尊量表(SES)筛选出122名大学生为被试,采用问卷调查与诱导实验相结合的方法进行研究。结果:①t检验中,低自尊的归因方式平均分为14.69,高自尊被试的归因方式平均分为12.93;②在方差分析中,对于被试失败前后焦虑差,自尊和归因方式的主效应及二者之间的交互作用均显著,分别为F(1,118)=7.56,P<0.01,F(1,118)=4.83,P<0.05,F(1,118)=5.44,P<0.05。结论:自尊与归因方式均能起到缓冲失败后不良状态焦虑情绪的作用,两者在对状态焦虑情绪的影响上存在交互作用。

Objective： To examine the effect of attributional style on individual’s state anxiety after failure. Methods： Rosenberg self-esteem scale was applied to select 122 subjects from 216 college students. The question was solved by combining the method of questionnaire inquiry with an experiment, and the data was analyzed by t-test and ANOVA. Results： ①From t-test, the mean score of low self-esteem subjects’ attributional style was 14.69, and that of high selfesteem is 12.93; ②From ANOVA, the anxiety difference, the main effect of self-esteem, attributional style and their interactive effects were significant, respectively F（1,118）=7.56,P0.01,F（1,118）=4.83,P0.05,F（1,118）=5.44,P0.05. Conclusion： Both self-esteem and attributional style may have effect on reducing negative state anxiety, but there is interactive effect between self-esteem and attributional style.