旱肥地密度对大穗型冬小麦品种生育特性及产量的影响

Effect of Planting Density on Growth Characters and Yield of Winter Wheat Variety of Big Spike in Dryland

为了探明密度对旱肥地冬小麦生育特性和产量的影响,在旱地高肥条件下,采用田间试验与室内分析相结合的方法,研究了种植密度对大穗型冬小麦品种(系)生育特性和产量的影响。结果表明:参试各品种(系)的苗高、株高随密度的增加而增高;而单株总分蘖数、次生根数、单株鲜质量、干质量等则随密度的增加而降低,而且各密度间的差异均达显著水平;其中中秆大穗型品种(系)的农艺性状表现不如高秆中穗型品种(CK);成穗数随密度的增加而增多,且各密度间差异显著;穗长、有效小穗数、穗粒数和千粒质量则随密度的增加而减少,各密度间的差异大小却不尽相同;产量随密度的增加呈现出先上升后下降的趋势,其中以基本苗315万/hm2的产量最高,其与基本苗420万/hm2时的产量无显著差异。可见密度对调节旱肥地小麦群体结构和产量作用明显。

In order to verify the effect of planting density on growth characters and yield of winter wheat variety of big spike in dryland,under the condition of dryland and higher fertilizer level,the experiment was studied by field trail and indoor job.The results show that：the seedling height and the plant height of all the experimental varieties increases with the increasing planting density;on the contrary,the sum tillering number,secondary root number,fresh weight and dry weight of single-plant decreases with the increasing planting density,and the differences between planting densities are significant;the properties of agronomy of winter wheat variety of middle spike （CK）are better than that of winter wheat variety of big spike;the final spike number of all the experimental varieties increases with the increasing planting density,and the differences between planting densities are significant;at the same time,the spike length,the number of effective small spike,the grain number per spike and thousand grain weight decreases with the increasing planting density,and the differences between planting densities are respectively different;the yield trend of all the experimental varieties is increase,followed by decrease with the increasing planting density,and the maximum yield is gained when density is 315×104/hm2,and the difference of yield between 315×104/hm2 and 420×104/hm2 is not significant.Therefore,the effects of planting density on the group structure and yield of the wheat in dryland with higher fertility are significant.