生态移民政策的文化根源分析——基于内蒙古自治区通辽市W村的调查

A Cultural Analysis of China’s Ecological Resettlement Policy——Based on Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Tongliao W Village Investigation

生态移民政策作为国家环境政策的配套措施实施已近十年,并以其涉及人口之多、范围之大、影响之深吸引了来自国内外及各领域专家和学者的关注。迄今为止产生了大量基于生态、经济、制度层面的研究,而对该政策产生的文化根源分析仍欠缺。本文论证了对环境政策(本文中尤指生态移民政策)制定、出台的文化根源进行剖析对建设和谐社会至关重要,并指出调动少数民族的主体性、落实其参与是解决当今社会环境困境的重要途径。

Ecological resettlement,as a subsidiary policy of the Central Government’s environmental policy,is now attracting increasing domestic and international attention. The amount of immigrants involved in the policy serves as one reason to raise concerns about the issue,and its side effects （especially the loss of ethnic cultures and the dilemma of some ethnic minority herders） gave rise to multi-lateral discussions about the policy. The ecological and economic effects of the policy are the primary focus of present research,and the cultural analysis （especially concerning the social and political forces that fostered and implemented the policy） of the State＇s environmental and ecological resettlement policy are lacking. According to my field research in Wustu village,IMAR,this paper relates the cultural basis of these policies with China’s desire to establish a harmonious society and argues that respect for minority cultures as well as local participation of immigrants are key to solving China’s environmental issues.