不同密度和整枝方式对辣椒光合特性、干物质分配及产量的影响

Effect of Different Density and Training Methods on Photosynthetic Characteristics,Dry Matter Distribution and Yield of Capsicum annuum L.

以牛角椒为材料,采用6.67、5.56、4.76万株.hm-2三种密度和两种整枝方式,在日光温室栽培,研究不同群体结构对辣椒光合特性、干物质分配及产量的影响。结果表明,四杆整枝的功能叶光合速率高于自然整枝,且各层次光合产物分布均匀,根系生长较旺盛,是增产的主要原因。辣椒产量与中下部功能叶片光合速率关系密切,在一定范围内,密度越大,中下部气孔导度和蒸腾速率越高,光合速率越高,呼吸消耗小,总产量也越高。

The photosynthetic characteristics and dry matter distribution patterns of Cayenne pepper were studied under three plant densities（66.7 kilo-plants·hm-2,55.6 kilo-plants·hm-2,47.6 kilo-plants·hm-2） and two training methods（natural training and four-stem training） in greenhouse.The results indicated that higher yield of pepper was detected in four-stem training caused by higher photosynthetic rate,evenly distributed dry matter,and vigorous root growth at different canopy levels.There was significant positive correlation between pepper yield and functional leaves at middle and lower canopy levels.Within certain limits,higher plant density was connected with higher stomatal conductance and transpiration rate.Higher photosynthetic rate and lower respiration rate contributed to higher yield.