深圳市流动人口生殖道感染就医行为的影响因素分析

Study on treatment-seeking behavior for reproductive tract infection among migrants in Shenzhen

目的:了解深圳市流动人口生殖道感染相关就医行为,探讨其可能的影响因素。方法:在深圳市盐田、罗湖、福田3个区采用三阶段分层抽样方法,抽取16～49岁有性生活的流动人口作为调查对象。由经过培训的调查员运用统一设计的调查表,入户面对面询问调查。对影响因素进行单因素分析和多因素非条件logistic逐步回归分析。结果:共调查956人,17.68%对象自述近1年出现过生殖道感染症状;出现症状时64.50%对象"直接到医院诊疗",21.30%对象"自己到药店买药治疗",其他为到私人诊所或不处理。Logistic回归分析结果显示,对象的生殖道感染知识得分、性伴总数、安全套使用及接受生殖道感染相关宣教服务等与就医行为关系有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与知识得分<60分者比较,知识得分>60分者去医院就医的比例较高(OR=2.44,P=0.0088)。与只有1个性伴者相比,≥2个性伴的对象就医比例较高(OR=3.32,P=0.0214);与不使用安全套者相比,使用安全套的对象就医比例较低(OR=0.65,P=0.0175);与未接受过宣教服务的对象相比,接受过相关宣教服务的对象就医比例较高(OR=2.18,P=0.0145)。结论及建议:深圳市流动人口中,自述生殖道感染后就医行为不容乐观,建议今后应采取灵活多样的方式,在流动人口中进行生殖道感染以及安全性行为的宣传教育、咨询与服务,提高这一人群的生殖健康知识,从而改变其就医行为。

Objective：To understand the treatment-seeking behavior for reproductive tract infection（RTI）among migrants in Shenzhen,as well as their potential influencing factors.Methods：A cross-sectional study was conducted.The migrants aged 16-49 who had ever had sex were recruited by a three-stage stratified sampling method and interviewed face to face with a uniform questionnaire by locally-trained interviewers in Yantian District,Luohu District and Futian District of Shenzhen.The univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted.Results：A total of 956 migrants were surveyed.About 17.68% of the respondents reported they had ever had some symptoms related to RTI infection within one year.Once developed symptoms,64.50% of them went to a public hospital;and 21.30% bought some medicine by themselves;while the rest went to a private clinic or had no treatment-seeking behavior.The results of multivariate logistic regression model showed that respondents＇ RTI knowledge scores,number of sexual partners,condom use as well as information,education and counseling（IEC）service received were significantly associated with the treatment-seeking behavior for RTI.Compared with those whose RTI knowledge scores were less than 60,more respondents with the scores higher than 60 went to a public hospital（OR=2.44,P=0.0088）.Compared with those who had only one sexual partner,more respondents with more than one partners went to a public hospital（OR=3.32,P=0.0214）.Compared with those who had not used condom,more respondents who had used condom went to a public hospital（OR=0.65,P=0.0175）.Compared with those who had never received IEC service,more respondents who had ever received IEC service went to a public hospital（OR=2.18,P=0.0145）.Conclusion：The current status of treatment-seeking behavior for RTI among migrants in Shenzhen is worrying.Multiform dissemination and consultation on the information of RTI and safe sex should be conducted among the migrants to improve their reproductive health knowledge and treatment-seeking behavior.