我国主要小麦推广品种抗白粉病基因的分子检测

Molecule detection of powdery mildew resistance genes in the commercial wheat cultivars in China

为了解我国主要小麦推广品种抗白粉病基因的分布与利用情况,采用分子遗传标记技术,对我国代表性小麦推广品种中Pm2、Pm3、Pm4、Pm6、Pm8、Pm13、Pm21、Pm23等抗病基因进行了分析。结果表明,几乎所有供试品种均含有上述1个或多个抗病基因,部分小麦品种同时携带有4～6个抗病基因;其中携带Pm3、Pm2、Pm8、Pm23和Pm4的频率最高,而Pm13和Pm21等应用潜力较大的抗病基因只分布在少部分品种中。在今后的工作中应该加强新抗源的鉴定和应用的力度。

To evaluate the situation of resistant genes to powdery mildew in extended wheat cuhivars in China, 101 of resistant wheat cultivars all over the country were collected and the Pm genes carried in them, including Pm2 , Pm3 , Pm4 , Pm6, Pm8 , Pm13 , Pm21 and Pm23 were examined by PCR method based on genetically linked molecular markers. The results showed that most of the tested cultivars carried one or more Pm genes in an individual, and some ones even held 4 to 6 different Pm genes. In general, Pm3, Pm2, Pm8, Pm23, and Pm4 appeared in these cuhivars with the highest frequency; and the genes, Pm13, and Pm21 which are great valuable in wheat production in future were detected just in a few cuhivars. The identification of new resistant materials and the introduction of new resistant genes into wheat should be strengthened in future.