重症监护病房医院感染调查及分析

Nosocomial Infection Investigation in ICU

目的调查重症监护病房医院感染的现状,了解易感部位和常见病原菌,警示医务人员要加强过程管理,从而降低医院感染。方法设计调查表格,运用前瞻性监测方法对入住重症监护病房48h后至出重症监护病房48h内的患者进行调查。结果主要感染部位是下呼吸道,病原菌位于前10位的分别是铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌、鲍氏不动杆菌、白色假丝酵母菌、类产碱假单胞菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、阴沟肠杆菌、嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌、光滑假丝酵母菌,分别占20.69%、17.24%、8.62%、8.62%、8.62%、6.90%、3.45%、3.45%、3.45%、3.45%。结论加强重症患者重点环节、重点部位的管理,针对病原学监测,合理使用抗菌药物,减少耐药菌株的产生。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the nosocomial infection,finding out the prone position and the common pathogens in the ICU.to alert medical staff to strengthen the process of management,thus reducing nosocomial infections,hospitalization time,and medical costs.METHODS Designed survey forms,the patients 24 hours after admission in ICU till 48 hours put of ICU were investigated through the prospective detection method.RESULTS The main site of infection was lower respiratory tract.The top 10 pathogens were the Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Escherichia coli,Acinetobacter baumannii,Candida albicans,P.pseudoalcaligenes.Staphylococcus aureus,Enterobacter cloacae.maltophilia Stenotrophomonas,and C.glablata.CONCLUSIONS Strengthen the links in critically ill patients and focus on the management of the site,reduce the emergence of drug-resistant strains and control of nosocomial hospital infection effectively through etiology monitoring and the rational use of antibiotics.