泌尿系感染的病原菌分布及耐药性分析

Pathogenic Bacteria Distribution and Antibiotic Resistance Analysis of Urinary System Infection

目的探讨泌尿系感染的病原菌分布及耐药状况,为临床诊断和治疗提供可靠依据。方法对医院2007年1月～2009年6月,住院及门诊尿液培养中分离出的340株病原菌进行鉴定和药敏试验。结果泌尿系感染的病原菌中大肠埃希菌检出率最高占62.30%,其次为肠球菌属(12.35%)、真菌(5.90%);大肠埃希菌对亚胺培南耐药性最低为0,而对大部分β-内酰胺类药物的耐药率>60.0%,对喹诺酮类药物的耐药率达50.0%;肠球菌属对万古霉素的耐药率为0～25.0%,对喹诺酮类、大环内酯类、四环素类、利福平药物的耐药率>30.0%。结论泌尿系感染的病原菌以大肠埃希菌为主,对各类药物的耐药性均有明显提高,临床应依据药敏报告的结果合理选用抗菌药物。

OBJECTIVE To study the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens in urinary system infection,provide the credible evidence with the clinic diagnosis and the treatment of urinary diseases.METHODS The pathogens from the urine specimens were isolated and cultured from inpatients and outpatients of hospital from Jan 2007 to Jun 2009.The total 340 strains of pathogens were identified and the antibiotics resistance was tested.RESULTS The Escherichia coli among the pathogens of the urinary system infection reached the top（62.30%）,secondly were Enterococcus（12.35%）and Candida albicans（5.90%）.The antibiotics resistance of E.coli to imipenem was the lowest,about 0%,however,it was above 60.0% towards the most beta-lactam antibiotics.To the quinolones,the drug resistance was obviously higher.The drug resistance of Enterococcus to vancomycin was 0-25.0%,but to the quinolones,macrolides,tetracyclines,and rifampicin was over 30.0%.CONCLUSIONS The main pathogen is E.coli which infects the urinary system of which the drug resistance is obviously higher.The clinics should reasonably choose the antibiotics according to the test results of the pathogens sensitivity to drug.