水体中组织胺对日本新糠虾生长、发育和体内组织胺含量的影响

The effects of the histamine in water on the growth,development and endogenous histamine of Neomysis japonica(Crustacea,Mysidacea)

将日本新糠虾(Neomysis japonica)从新孵幼体至性成熟,养殖于不同质量浓度组织胺水体中,其质量浓度分别为0mg/L(对照组),5mg/L(低剂量组,L组),10mg/L(中剂量组,M组),15mg/L(高剂量组,H组),以研究水体中组织胺对日本新糠虾存活、生长和发育的影响及糠虾体内组织胺含量的变化。结果表明,随组织胺质量浓度的升高,日本新糠虾的体长、体质量和存活率均呈现下降趋势;M组和H组日本新糠虾的体长和体质量显著小于对照组(P<0.05),而L组与对照组间无显著差异;较高质量浓度的组织胺(15mg/L)能显著降低日本新糠虾的存活率,H组存活率仅为53.92%±3.58%;各组织胺质量浓度组对雄性日本新糠虾性征出现时间无显著的影响,但对雄性日本新糠虾性成熟时间有不同程度的延迟作用,对照组性成熟时间为(25.71±0.76)d,而H组为(28.00±0.82)d,两组间差异显著(P<0.05);雌性日本新糠虾的性成熟时间也有随组织胺质量浓度升高而呈延迟的趋势,但仅H组与对照组存在显著差异(P<0.05),延迟近3d。经HPLC(High Performance Liquid Chromatography,简称HPLC)法检测日本新糠虾体内组织胺后,发现M和H组中检测出了较高含量的组织胺,分别达到(435.33±56.94)pg/g和(478.67±140.57)pg/g,显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。上述结果说明,水体中一定质量浓度的组织胺能抑制日本新糠虾的生长和发育,其体内组织胺含量的升高可能是重要的诱因之一。

Neomysis japonica were cultured from larval to maturity in different concentrations of histamine, including 0 mg/L （control group）, 5 mg/L （low concentration group, L）, 10 mg/L （middle concentration group, M ） and 15 mg/L （high concentration group, H ）, to explore the influence of histamine on the survival, growth, development and endogenous histamine of N.japonica. The body length, body weight and survival rate of Neomysis ja- ponica decreased with the increase of histamine concentration; The body length and body weight of M and H were significantly lower than those of the control group（P〈0.05; but L and the control group had no such significant differences; When the concentration of histamine in water came to 15 mg/L, the survival rate decreased significantly, the survival rate of H being only 53.92%±3.58%. In this study, histamine did not delay the appearance of sexual character, but delayed the maturation time in male. The maturation time of the control group was （25.71±0.76）d, and H （28.00±0.82）d, showing significant differences P〈0.05）; Histamine delayed the maturation time in female with the increase of histamine concentration, but only H was significantly different from the control group（P〈0.05）with a delay of 3 days. We determined the concentration of endogenous histamine by HPLC, and found that the endogenous histamine levels of M and H （435.33 pg/g±56.94 pg/g and 478.67 pg/g±140.57 pg/g, respectively） were significantly higher than that of the control group（P〈0.05）.The results show that higher concentration of histamine in water restrain growth and development; the high concentration of endogenous histamine in the mysis may be an important factor.