中国学习者英语致谢言语行为的语用能力调查研究

A Survey of Chinese EFL Learners' Pragmatic Competence on Gratitude Speech Act

本研究通过对112名中国英语学习者及30名本族语者的致谢言语行为中主行为动词组,内部修饰语,外部修饰语三个部分的调查研究发现:1)学习者和本族语者的致谢语用能力在三方面均存在着显著性差异;2)不同水平的学习者虽在三个部分的整体使用方面未出现显著性差异,但在主行为动词中非标记动词,内部修饰语中的副词性短语及外部修饰语中表达赞美、回请和惊讶三个功能的使用上存在着显著性差异,说明中国学习者致谢言语行为语用能力习得状况并不符合规律性的发展模式。文章还对研究结果中学习者与本组语者所存在的差异的原因给予了相应的说明:文化和心理词汇范畴差异,母语迁移,显性教学失误等原因都影响着学习者的致谢言语行为表达。

The present research aims to study 112 Chinese EFL learners and 30 native speakers＇ pragmatic competence on gratitude speech act via the analyses on head acts（ HA）, internal modification（ IM）, and external modification（EM） as well. It is concludes that： 1 ） Learners and native speakers show significant difference in the performances of the 3 components in gratitude speech act; 2） although the 3 learner groups do not differ significantly in the overall performance, they still perform differently in the use of unmarked verbs in HA, adverbial phrase in IM, and compliment, reciprocal, and surprise in EM. This suggests that learners＇ pragmatic competence on gratitude speech act does not develop in a systematic pattern. The paper also explains briefly the reasons for differences between learners and native speakers： differences in culture and mental lexicon, language transfer, and explicit instructional failure as well which all account for these differences.