女性ST段抬高心肌梗死患者临床特点和近期预后分析

Clinical characteristics and in-hospital outcome in female patients with ST-elevated myocardial infarction

目的评价女性ST段抬高心肌梗死患者的临床特点、住院期间心脏不良事件发生和病死率。方法入选我院1994年1月～2006年12月初发急性ST段抬高心肌梗死患者1233例,男性901例,女性332例,对两者临床特点、危险因素、住院并发症和病死率进行比较。结果与男性比较,女性患者年龄偏高,发病至就诊时间长,非典型症状多见;女性患者高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症、具有多重危险因素患者的比例高于男性(P<0.05,P<0.01);女性患者入院后接受再灌注治疗的比例低于男性;女性患者住院期间发生心力衰竭和病死率明显高于男性。结论女性心肌梗死患者临床特点、接受有效治疗的比例、住院期间预后均较男性差。

Objective To investigate clinical characteristics and in-hospital fatality in female pa- tients with acute myocardial infarction. Methods 1233 patients with ST elevated myocardial in- farction were divided into two groups according to gender. Comparison was made on clinical char- acteristics, risk factors, complications and in-hospital fatality by statistical method. Results Com- pared with male patients, female patients were older, presented more atypical symptoms, had more hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and multiple risk factors. Compared with male group, less female patients received reperfusion therapy within 12 hours after admission. Female patients ex- perienced more adverse events and higher in-hospital fatality （P〈 0.05, P〈 0.01）. Conclusion Female patients have poorer clinical characteristics,lower rate of reperfusion therapy and worse prognosis than male patients do.