乾隆前期直隶留养局的空间分布特点及原因分析

Studies on Spatial Distribution and its Causes of LiuYangJu in Zhili Province during Earlier Stages of the Qianlong Emperor Period

文章以同治《畿辅通志》为主要资料,对初创时期直隶留养局的空间分布进行探讨,揭示了其既普遍又不均衡的分布特点,并对形成该特点的原因进行了分析。指出行政命令的统一性是这一慈善组织普遍设立的主要原因,区域自然环境、自然灾害频繁程度、经济状况、人口密度、与交通线的关系以及地方官员的积极性等是影响其分布不均衡的因素。

The purpose of this paper is survey on spatial distribution and its causes of Liu YangJu in its founding periods. The General Annals of ZhiLi province in Tongzhi emperor period are the basic data and reference documents in our study. The results of our research indicate that spatial distribution of LiuYangJu not only universal but imbalance; the reasons were analyzed in the meantime. The research we have done suggests that the administrative command is the key factor which was decided on the universal establishment of LiuYangJu. Other factors in some district such as natural environ- ment, the times of natural disaster, economic condition, population density, the distance from traffic lines and the working enthusiasm of local official were the reasons that decided on imbalance distribution of LiuYangJu in ZhiLi province during earlier stages of the Qianlong emperor period.