上饶县1998年洪灾后的钩体病疫情调查

Epidemiological Investigation on Leptospirosis after Flood in Shangrao County Jiangxi Province 1998

１９９８年入夏以来，在长江流域发生了历史罕见的全流域大洪水，作者参加了卫生部派往江西省灾后防病工作考察组。本文选取钩体病发病较多的江西省上饶县，进行了钩体病疫情的调查分析。上饶县于７月中旬遭受水灾，７月２９日报告首例钩体病，６～７天后发病达到高峰，２～３周后疫情得到控制。截止到９月２日，全县累积发病人数为４５６例，发病率６６０９／１０万。其中男３５５例，女１０１例，男女构成比为３５∶１。病死４例，男３例，女１例，病死率为０８８％。采集３４份临床诊断为钩体病的病人血清，对临床诊断进行实验室复核，结果显示：显微镜凝集试验（ＭＡＴ）阳性率７６４７％（２６／３４），酶免疫斑点试验（ｄｏｔ－ＥＬＩＳＡ）阳性率８２３５％（２８／３４）。

There was a serious flood along Yangtze River in early summer 1998. The Ministry of Health sent an investigating group on communicable diseases control after severe flood. Shangrao county Jiangxi province was chosen to investigate as where were more cases with leptopirosis were reported. The outbreak began on July 29. The incidence rate was up to top within 6-7 days and the outbreak was controlled within 2-3 weeks. Up to Sept. 2, 456 cases with leptosprosis were occurred (male 355, female 101). The incidence rate was 66.09/10 6. Four patients were died (male3, female1). The mortality rate was 0.88%. 34 patient's serum samples were collected for laboratory examination to test the accuracy of clinical diagnosis. The positive rate by the microscopic agglutinatin test (MAT) was 76.47%(26/34) and by dot-ELISA was 82.35%(26/34).