费县秋冬型恙虫病流行病学及影响因素调查研究

Investigation on Epidemiology and Affecting Factors of Autumn-winter Type Scrub Typhus in Fei County, Shandong Province

为了解山东地区恙虫病流行情况及影响因素，于１９９４～１９９７年采用现场调查与实验室检测相结合的办法，对费县恙虫病进行了调查研究。结果表明年发病率为０４１～１０９‰（１９９５年属该病的高峰年），发病自然村占总自然村的５６６８％（１０６／１８７），有１３个自然村连续四年均有病例出现，其中以汪沟乡闵寨村病例最多共３３例，年发病率为３４５‰。发病高峰在１０月中、下旬，以２６～３５年龄组患者最多；男性多于女性（１３∶１），患者多为农民（占８３７６％）。病例对照研究结果表明：田间坐卧史、居住环境潮湿及居住村庄边缘为恙虫病危险因素，此外影响当地恙虫病自然因素还有鼠密度及小盾纤恙螨密度。

Investigation on epidemiology and affecting factors of autumn-winter type scrub typhus in four towns of Fei county were carried out from 1994 to 1997. The results revealed that the average morbidity rates in the investigated area were varied from 0.0014/10 6 to 0.0109/10 6, the villages that cases appeared were occuppied 56.68% of the total villages. In this case-appeared villages, the case number of Minzhai village, 13, was the largest in all of the villages, average morbidity rate of this village was 0.0345/10 6. The peak of scrub typhus in this area was in mid- and later October, and the morbidity rate in the age group of 26-35 was higher than that in the others. The ratio of men to women cases was 1.3∶1. Most of the cases were peasants. The results of case-control study indicated that staying on the grass field residing in humid circumstance and residing in the edge of village were the risk factors of scrub typhus, in addition, the density of rodents and leptotrombidium scutell were important factors affecting the morbidity rate of scrub typhus.