云雾对激光后向散射特性试验研究

Experiment research on laser backscattering characteristic of fog

激光具有单色性好、相干性强、准直性高以及高亮度、大功率等特点,在通信、航天、遥感、测距和监测等多领域得到了广泛应用。但是,激光容易受自然环境的影响,尤其是云雾天气。激光在云雾中传输时会受到云雾的衰减、散射等作用,基于云雾的多变性,研究的试验条件很难满足,难度较大。文中重点论述了云雾的物理特性、激光与云雾的作用机理和云雾对激光的后向散射特性;利用激光回波信号高速数据采集及存储系统,对云雾的后向散射回波信号进行实时采集,并采用数字信号处理软件对采集的激光回波信号进行统计分析,验证了云雾对激光后向散射特性的理论分析结论,并对云雾和目标的反射统计特性进行了初步分析。

Due to the c haracteristics of good homochromatism,strong coherence,high collimation,brightness and power,laser is widely used in many fields such as communication,aerospace,remote sensing,ranging and monitoring But laser is easy to be affected by the nature environment,especially the weather of cloud and fog.Laser will be attenuated and scattered by aerosol particles while passing through the cloud and fog,yet it′s hard to meet the experiment condition because of fog′s levity.The physical character of fog,the action mechanism of laser and fog,laser backscattering characteristic of fog were discussed Using high speed data acquisition system of laser echo and saving system as core experiment equipment,the backscattering echo of fog was collected in real time,and the echo was statistically analyzed by digital signal processing software The theory analysis of laser backscattering characteristic of fog was validated,and the elementary analysis of reflective statistic characteristic of fog and target was carried out.