2004—2008年广州市海珠区学校卫生监测结果评价

Evaluation on Monitoring Results of School Health in Haizhu District of Guangzhou from 2004 to 2008

目的综合评价广州市海珠区中小学校卫生现况及发展变化趋势,为学校不断改进教学环境和卫生条件提供技术依据。方法对广州市海珠区2004—2008年中小学校卫生监测结果进行综合评价和统计分析。结果5年来,中小学校监测总合格率为99.30%。教室CO2、玻地比合格率较高,为99.64%和93.17%;课桌、课椅合格率、后墙反射系数及噪声合格率较低,分别为13.42%、14.74%、29.18%和45.94%;玻地比、采光系数、后墙反射系数、教板反射系数、课桌、课椅总合格率各年度差异有统计学意义(χ2=23.361,24.247,503.640,441.231,24.806,25.861;P<0.05),年度间变化无规律性;教室人均面积、玻地比、采光系数、教板反射系数总合格率中学显著高于小学(χ2=54.38,13.47,32.88,101.43;P<0.05);男女生厕所合格率达到68.55%以上;中学阅览室噪声总合格率较低,为50.19%,并逐年升高(χ2=32.296,P<0.05)。2006—2008年总得分均值达88.38分,微小气候、生活饮用水、厕所、教室人均面积、黑板得分较高,课桌椅、噪声得分较低且低于合格分。结论该区学校卫生总体状况较好,但教室课桌椅、噪声合格率较低,应针对中小学校存在的卫生问题采取有效的措施,保障学生身体健康。

[Objectives]To evaluate the hygienic status and development trend of primary and middle schools in Haizhu district of Guangzhou,and provide scientific basis for improving the teaching environment and health condition.[Methods]The health monitoring results of primary and middle schools in Haizhu district of Guangzhou from 2004 to 2007 were synthetically evaluated and statistically analyzed.[Results]The total eligible rate of school health was 95.90% in 5 years.The eligible rate of CO2 density（9.64%）and glass land ratio（93.17%）were high,the eligible rate of tables and chairs（13.42% and 14.74%）,reflection coefficient of back wall（29.18%）and noise（45.94%）were low.There were significant differences in the total eligible rate of glass land ratio,lighting coefficient,reflection coefficient of back wall,reflection coefficient of black boards,tables and chairs among years（χ2=23.361,24.247,503.640,441.231,24.806,25.861;P0.05）,and these indexes of each year changed without regularity.The eligible rate of per capital classroom area,glass land ratio,lighting coefficient and reflection coefficient of black boards in middle schools were higher than those in primary schools significantly（χ2=54.38,13.47,32.88,101.43;P0.05）.The eligible rate of toilets reached 68.55%.The total eligible rate of noise in reading room of middle schools（50.19%）was low,and it increased year by year（χ2=32.296,P0.05）.From 2006 to 2008,the average of total score was 88.38,the scores of microclimate,drinking water,toilets,per capital classroom area,black boards were high,and the scores of tables and chairs,noise were lower than eligible score.[Conclusion]The general status of school health in this district was good,but the eligible rate of tables and chairs,noise were low.The effective measures for hygienic problems of primary and middle schools should be adopted to ensure health of students.