改良法制备异种脱蛋白骨复合重组人骨形态发生蛋白支架修复长骨大段骨缺损(英文)

Modified heterogeneous deproteinizated bone composited with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein for repair of large segmental long bone defects in goat tibia

目的:异种脱蛋白骨因其来源广泛和独特的生物学特性作为组织工程骨支架材料在修复长骨大段骨缺损上有较好的应用前景。目的:采用改良法制备异种脱蛋白骨复合重组人骨形态发生蛋白支架材料,评价其修复大动物大段长骨缺损的成骨能力。方法:山羊24只,随机分为单纯异种脱蛋白骨组、自体骨组及异种脱蛋白骨+重组人骨形态发生蛋白组,在每只山羊右侧胫骨中下段截除胫骨总长度20%形成节段性骨缺损,按分组情况植入不同材料,采用半环槽式外固定器固定。术后4～24周每隔4周进行X射线检查,术后24周取新生骨进行双能X射线、组织学、生物力学检测骨缺损修复效果。结果与结论:①制得的异种脱蛋白骨为三维多孔结构,其孔隙率为(78.5±6.45)%,孔径大小为(472.5±7.02)μm。②各组骨缺损表现为时间依从性的骨修复,生物力学试验抗压缩、三点抗弯曲和抗扭转试验均为自体骨组>异种脱蛋白骨+重组人骨形态发生蛋白组>单纯异种脱蛋白骨组。③自体骨组、异种脱蛋白骨+重组人骨形态发生蛋白组与正常组比较,山羊胫骨骨密度及骨矿含量、抗压缩压强及极限压强、抗弯曲载荷及极限载荷、抗扭转扭矩及极限扭矩平均值差异均无显著性意义。结果提示改良法制备的异种脱蛋白骨复合重组人骨形态发生蛋白修复山羊胫骨大段缺损成骨能力与自体骨相当,可以作为组织工程支架材料。

BACKGROUND：For its extensive sources and specific biological characteristics,heterogeneous deproteinized bone（DPB）as the tissue-engineered scaffold material gets a good application prospect in repair of large segmental bone defects.OBJECTIVE：To prepare scaffold material by compositing modified heterogeneous DPB with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2（rhBMP2）and evaluate the osteogenic ability in repairing large segmental long bone defects in large-sized animals.METHODS：Twenty-four goats were randomly and evenly divided into three groups：DPB,autologous bone,and DPB＋rhBMP2.Bone defects（20% in length）were made in the middle and lower segments of the right tibia of each goat,and according to group design,different bone grafts were implanted and fixed using semi-ring slot external fixer.At 4-24 weeks after surgery,X-ray examination was performed once every other 4 weeks.At 24 weeks after surgery,newly formed bones were taken out for determining the repair effects of bone defects through dual-energy X-ray analysis,histological observation,and biomechanical analysis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：The prepared DPB exhibited a three-dimensional porous structure,with a porosity of（78.5±6.45）% and pore size of（472.5±7.02）μm.Time-dependent bone repair was found in each group.Results regarding anti-compression test,three-point anti-bend test,and anti-torsion test were greatest in the autologous bone group,followed by the DPB＋rhBMP2 group,and lastly the DPB group.There were no significant differences in tibial bone density,bone mineral content,anti-compression pressure and ultimate pressure,anti-bending load and ultimate load,anti-torsion torque and ultimate torque between autologous bone group,DPB＋rhBMP2 group and normal bone control group.These findings indicate that modified heterogeneous DPB composited with rhBMP2 has osteogenic ability equivalent to autologous bone in repairing large segmental long bone defects in goat tibias.Therefore,it can be applied as tissue-engineered scaffold material.