剧塑性变形制备超细晶/纳米晶结构金属材料的研究现状和应用展望

Research status and application prospect of ultrafine grained and/or nano-crystalline metallic materials processed by severe plastic deformation

综合目前剧塑性变形方法制备超细晶及纳米晶结构金属材料的研究现状,介绍等通道转角挤压、高压扭转、累积叠轧焊、多向锻造等剧塑性变形方法及其特点与原理;探讨剧塑性变形金属材料的组织演变和晶粒细化机制;分析金属材料经剧塑性变形后强度与延展性的变化趋势,及其对超塑性变形的影响规律;展望剧塑性变形方法对金属材料应用的前景。

With a view to the current researches of ultrafine grained and nano-crystalline metallic materials processed by severe plastic deformation（SPD）,several typical methods,characteristics and principle of SPD were introduced,such as equal channel angular pressing,high pressure torsion,accumulative roll-bonding and multiple forging.The microstructural revolution and grain refinement mechanism of metallic materials fabricated by SPD were discussed.The change tendency of the strength and ductility of the metallic material,and the influence rules of superplastic deformation was also analyzed.The application of SPD for metallic materials was prospected.