游离组织瓣修复晚期颅底肿瘤术后组织缺损

Free tissue transfer for skull base reconstruction of advanced oncological defects

目的 总结游离皮瓣在晚期颅底肿瘤术后组织缺损中修复的效果及适应证.方法 回顾性分析中国医学科学院肿瘤医院头颈外科1999年3月-2009年3月颅底手术后组织缺损修复的游离皮瓣共25例,其中背阔肌肌皮瓣9例,腹直肌肌皮瓣6例,腹壁下动脉穿支皮瓣4例,股前外侧皮瓣3例,前臂皮瓣2例,腓骨骨肌皮瓣1例.颅底缺损类型分别为颅骨25例次,脑膜10例次,脑组织3例次,鼻腔鼻窦13例次,黏膜14例次,皮肤20例次.结果 23例（92%）游离皮瓣全部成活,1例皮瓣坏死,1例部分坏死.5例（20%）患者出现术后中枢神经系统并发症,其中脑疝死亡1例,颅内感染2例和脑脊液漏2例.结论 游离组织瓣修复技术可靠,适用于晚期颅底复发肿瘤,同时涉及皮肤或黏膜手术缺损的修复.

Objective To analyze the results and the indications of free flaps in the skull base reconstruction. Methods A retrospective review was performed of 25 free flaps reconstructions for skull base tumor ablation defects between March of 1999 and March of 2009. There were 9 latissimus dorsi flaps, 6 rectus abdominis flaps, 4 deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flaps, 3 anterolateral thigh flaps, 2 radial forearm flaps and 1 fibular flap. The defects were classified as cranial bone（100%）, dura （40%） , brain （12%） , sino-nasal cavity （52%） , mucosa （56%） and skin （80%）. Results Twenty-three of 25 （92% ） free flaps survived. One total flap failure and 1 partial flap failure occurred. Five patients （ 20% ） had central nervous system related postoperative complications which including 1 mortality, 2 central nerve system infection and 2 cerebrospinal fluid fistula. Conclusions Free flaps transfer is a reliable reconstruction technique for cranial base surgery. This provides a solution to the select advances disease otherwise surgical contraindications. Free flap is the choice for reconstruction of advanced oncological defects, especially when skin and mucosa are violated.